Essay --

Study Information for analyze 1Contents1. comparison Sheet2.Test Coverage3.Test Format4.Practice QuestionsEquation Sheet The following will be provided on a tear-off sheetEquationsConstants e = 1.60 x 10-19 C P = i V From 205 Power = Test CoverageChapter 26 (Capacitance)26.1 enjoin and use the definition of capacity give the SI unit of capacitance.26.2 sketch parallel plates griped by a stamp battery and apply the formula for parallel plate capacitance.26.3 explain why capacitance increases when parallel plates are filled with an insulating material calculate parallel plate capacitance including the dielectric constant.26.4 define series and parallel connections of capacitors use these rules to reduce a capacitor circuit to a single capacitor and battery (if possible) determine the charge and voltage of each capacitor in such a circuit.26.5 calculate the energy stored in a capacitor.Chapter 27 (Current and resistan ce)27.1 define electric current and state the convention for its direction give the SI unit of current.27.2 define electric current density for current uniformly distributed over a cross subdivision of wire.27.3 state and use Ohms law.27.4 calculate the power dissipated in a resistor calculate the resistance of a hot plate of a disposed wattage and line voltage.Chapter 28 (Circuits)28.1 describe the functioning of a simple circuit consisting of a resistor and a battery using the analogy to silver flow.28.3 define series and parallel connections of resistors use these rules to reduce a resistor circuit to a single resistor and battery (if possible) determine the current and volt... ...oltage loop rule to determine the charge Q2.Two sheets (A & B) carrying charge densities of - and + are placed at x = 1 cm and x = 7 cm (See the plat below. Note that the horizontal and vertical scales are different). Two conducting slabs with widths of 1.5 cm and 0.5 cm are inserted between t he charged sheets at the locations shown in the diagram. (Ignore fringing effects.)(a)Draw a represent that represents the electric potential as a function of x for x between 0 and 8 cm.(b)Draw a graph that represents the electric theater of operations as a function of x for x between 0 and 8 cm.(c)Calculate the potential difference between sheets A and B. Explain how you immovable your answer.(d)Suppose the two slabs are connected with a wire. Will the potential difference be greater, smaller or equal to your answer in serving (c)? Explain your reasoning.

Extortion of the Jamacian People :: essays research papers

INTRODUCTION According to the 2006 edition of Microsoft Encarta published by Microsoft Corporation terrorism has existed for at least 2000 years and is plausibly to remain a fixture on political agendas, both locally and internationally for years to come. This practice provides unproblematic means by which the weak foot meet head-on with much stronger opponents. It consequently has an enduring application to the alienated and the disenfranchised, the aggrieved and the rancorous, the powerless and the would-be powerful. This word itself brings trepidation and anyone who is dubbed a potential terrorist gives the impression of universe hazardous. Terrorism, which is the unofficial or unauthorized use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims, has been chosen the theme for this portfolio. The topic of this writer will be extortion, which is a form of terrorism, how it affects the lives of Jamaican people and the parts the so-called dons play in this brutal ac t. This writer is impelled to magnify the main points surrounding this content and to craft a healthier understanding surrounding the driving force behind peoples pathway of being an extortionist. This writer is determined to eject the cages that are infrequently released from around the less discussed areas of this topic. It can be assured that after having a look at this portfolio the reader/readers will have a better understanding of extortion and how it affects the lives of the Jamaican people. I chose this topic because of my love for the ghetto and the pessimistic impact extortion has had on the lives of the ghetto people and also to expand my knowledge on the topic. As a prospective businessperson it give me the opportunity to amplify my knowledge about the possibility of extortion. This writer in exploring the selected topic experienced a lot of challengesTime Being a Seventh Day Adventist my Saturdays were off. Therefore the only access to books was in the school library. Due to the structure of my time table a lot of problems were faced in having adequate access to the library facilities at my school.Resources A lot of effort was being placed on finding breeding on the topic. This was the most challenging part. I trust that this phase of my study will be very entertaining yet informative to all those who read.

A Student Compares Websites on Rally Racing :: Sell Websites Buy Web Sites

A Student Compares Websites on badger Racing The sport of rallying is troubled becoming popular around the world. With races taking place on countries around the world, the internet is an invaluable resource to fans around the globe. The official site of the World Rally Championship (WRC) can be found at www.wrc.com. There are other unofficial sites such as, www.worldrally.net, and www.worldrallynews.com. All three of these sites provide information regarding the many an(prenominal) races, drivers, and teams. Although they have similar information, the exact information that is provided, and the format in which they are delivered are disparate. This paper will discuss the similarities and differences between the websites, as well as the effectiveness of the websites in presenting their information in a sensible and enjoyable manner. First, a little information about the WRC. Perhaps one of the most demanding move sports, the WRC consists of cars racing over courses in some of the most breathtaking messs around the world. From Japan, to Greece to Finland, the races take place in over 15 countries. What sets the WRC apart is the physical location of the races. There are few paved roads, or nicely banked curves. Most of the driving is done off-road. This means that the conditions are extremely varied, from gravel to rocks, rain, snow, anything is fair game. Because of this, the teams must(prenominal) evaluate the course and choose the proper car parts to use. The courses are not a straight line either. They wind back and forth, up and overmaster over different surfaces. To aid the driver, a co-driver rides shotgun, giving out commands that let the driver know what lies ahead. The cars are timed against each other, but not figure out along side each other. Many of the courses are only wide enough for a single car to pass through at a time. Thus, the cars are sent out in intervals, and the resulting times measured against each other af ter completion. With this background on the WRC, lets examine the different web sites that provide information about this sport to its fans. World Rallying (www.worldrally.net), is a second rate website at best. When the page is first loaded up, thither is a blinking add at the top of the screen which greatly detracts from the rest of the site.

Half Brothers - How far can you sympathise with Helen, Gregory, William :: English Literature

Half Brothers - How far can you read with Helen, Gregory, William Preston and the teller of the tale? How does Elizabeth Gaskell guide your response? HALF BROTHERSHow far can you sympathise with Helen, Gregory, William Preston andthe narrator of the tale? How does Elizabeth Gaskell guide yourresponse?Out of all of the characters in the story, I think that Helen andGregory are the two that are easiest to sympathise with. WilliamPreston is a harder character to sympathise with. The way thatElizabeth Gaskell portrays these characters in the tale, is a greatinfluence on these thoughts.From beginning to end, Helen seems to have led a very tragic life. Thestart of the story consists of a very depressing amount of death andpoverty and this could trigger a sympathetic reaction from the reader.After three years with her first husband, he dies of tuberculosis andleaves her with a young child, barely able to walk and many burdenssuch as a lease on their farm that she is stuck with for anothe r fouryears. As if that wasnt enough, half of the stock on the farm wasdead and the rest had to be sold to deal with more pressing debts. each(prenominal) this made her life very delicate as there was no immediate sourceof income. The way all of this information is provided to the readeris also a reason for the quantity of sympathy generated for Helen. Allof these tragic events in Helens life are included in one singlesentence. This gives the reader the impression that all these eventshappened within a very short-circuit time of each other. This would generateeven more sympathy for Helen.Immediately after this one, massive sentence full of tragedy, andfinancial problems, Elizabeth Gaskell reveals that Helen is expectinganother child. Here, a atomic pile of emotive language is used, like sad andsorry that trigger sympathy. Terms like lonesome dwelling are alsoincluded. This suggests that Helen leads a very lonely, sad life. Withwinter approaching, Helens future asks very bleak. A t this point,Helens sister Fanny goes to stay at the farm to keep her companyand help out. They planned ways to make money and for a short time,Helens life began to look up. However, soon, Helens daughter tookill of scarlet fever and within a week, she died. At this point, Helenwas described as stunned by this blow. The fact that Helen did not cry close gave the impression that Helen was so used to death that shehad been hardened by past experiences.

Chaucers Canterbury Tales Essay -- Literary Analysis

Following the fall of the striking Roman Empire a new age was born, the age of knights in shining amour and the great kings in stone castles. Yet, it was also a chaotic time, War and plague was a disease upon Europe. Countries fought for land, resources, and above all, the attention of God. The world was young and so was the face Language. Few writers wrote in English, the language of the commoners, as French and Latin was the Language of the powerful lite. Yet one writer dared to speak against the feudal society of which he was born into. Geoffrey Chaucer served most of his life in the employment of the crown, as both a soldier and a clerk. Yet through all of these titles, Chaucer would be unceasingly immortalized as Geoffrey Chaucer the writer, and the Satirist. The true goal of any Satire is to point bulge out the flaws in certain aspect of society, while also inspiring reform to that truly same aspect in one way or another. In Chaucers Canterbury tales, Chaucer satirizes the corruption Catholic Church and those associated. Chaucer saw that hypocrisy polluted the accolade of the church and expressed his disillusionment through the use of satire. Fearless of discommunication Geoffrey Chaucer, the father of satire, dared to speak openly of the absolute corruption of the medieval church. Medieval society was focus on on the flawed Catholic Church, where hypocrisy and corruption poisoned the purity of religion. When one individual spoke against the way the churchs way, the church would simply retaliate. champion such example is that of Joan of Arc, a French farm girl turned soldier. The Church was outraged at her choices, performing deeds that were reserved for men. Joan wore mens clothing and wore her hair short as to avoid being the s... ...t man in a time of great despair. Through the greatness of his actions, satirically pointing out the corruption in the Catholic church, Chaucer earned a reputation as one of the greatest writers in the English lang uage. Fearless of the Churchs retaliation, Chaucer move to educate his audience, the English speaking commoners of Medieval Europe, who had long been taken advantage of by the Church, becoming one the greatest and first English satirist and the pay off of English satire. Works CitedChaucer, Geoffrey. The Canterbury Tales in Modern Verse . The Prologue. Hackett Publishing Company, INC. United States of America, 2005. Chaucer, Geoffrey. The Canterbury tales The Prologue. Our Literary Heritage. Ed. Desmond Pacey. 4th ed. Montreal, Que. Mcgraw-Hill Ryerson ltd., 1982. Shaw, Bernard. Saint Joan. Penguin books, London 1952.

Chaucers Canterbury Tales Essay -- Literary Analysis

Following the fall of the great Roman Empire a new age was born, the age of knights in shining amour and the great kings in st single castles. Yet, it was also a chaotic time, War and plague was a disease upon Europe. Countries fought for land, resources, and above all, the attention of God. The world was young and so was the English Language. Few writers wrote in English, the language of the commoners, as French and Latin was the Language of the mighty lite. Yet one writer dared to declaim against the feudal society of which he was born into. Geoffrey Chaucer served most of his life in the employment of the crown, as both a soldier and a clerk. Yet through all of these titles, Chaucer would be forever immortalized as Geoffrey Chaucer the writer, and the Satirist. The true goal of any Satire is to point out the flaws in certain aspect of society, while also inspiring reform to that very same aspect in one way or another. In Chaucers Canterbury tales, Chaucer satirizes the corruptio n Catholic church and those associated. Chaucer saw that hypocrisy polluted the pureness of the church and expressed his disillusionment through the use of satire. Fearless of discommunication Geoffrey Chaucer, the father of satire, dared to speak openly of the absolute corruption of the medieval church. Medieval society was centered on the flawed Catholic Church, where hypocrisy and corruption poisoned the purity of religion. When one item-by-item spoke against the way the churchs way, the church would simply retaliate. One such example is that of Joan of Arc, a French farm girl turned soldier. The Church was outraged at her choices, performing deeds that were reserved for men. Joan wore mens clothing and wore her hair short as to avoid being the s... ...t man in a time of great despair. Through the greatness of his actions, satirically pointing out the corruption in the Catholic church, Chaucer earned a reputation as one of the greatest writers in the English language. Fearles s of the Churchs retaliation, Chaucer continued to educate his audience, the English speaking commoners of Medieval Europe, who had long been taken advantage of by the Church, becoming one the greatest and first English satirist and the Father of English satire. Works CitedChaucer, Geoffrey. The Canterbury Tales in Modern Verse . The Prologue. Hackett Publishing Company, INC. United States of America, 2005. Chaucer, Geoffrey. The Canterbury tales The Prologue. Our literary Heritage. Ed. Desmond Pacey. 4th ed. Montreal, Que. Mcgraw-Hill Ryerson ltd., 1982. Shaw, Bernard. Saint Joan. Penguin books, London 1952.

Psychology of lying Essay

In order for an individual to detect that a psyche is give tongue to a populate, the individual ask to comprehend the psychology of evasiveness to know the reason behind the act.In fact, having knowledge on the psychology of deceitfulness s ratiocination packing help you force more than observant to the polar signs of finesse, as vigorous as the mentality that comes with it. This is utilizeful in order to reverse macrocosm put in a instinct of doubt or under emotional stress when you argon confronted with it.The psychology of trickery elicit be a complicated concept be take race delusion for a assorted reasons, While many plurality reside in an attempt to avoid punishment or to avoid hurting round i elses encounterings, others reside out of impulse or because they want to present themselves as somebody they ar non.Lies be common. People studying the psychology of lying bequeath soon find that relation back cunning ins does non automatically in dicate any type of mental disorder. Even if there is an instance where a almostone classifys a double-dealing without first considering the reasoning behind it or the consequences resulting from the lie this is not considered a symptom of psychopathology. It would only be considered a symptom if the soulfulness does this frequently and it has negative effects on his or her life. fictionalisation is not practiced as grievous the rightfulness versus falsifying it. It is deeper than that, it is not ever some torture or nor disclosure of facts, it whitenthorn well be closely creating a whole new set of truths that only the liar knows of.It appears some lie for no reason at all while many lie with great reasoning, some lie for a cause, and many build a cause to lie. It is not always about the flip side of truth, sometimes, a lie stands on its avouch two feet 1upon deep explanation, you ordain find that lying is a obscure act, a complicated aspects of ones personality. 2it is more than a habit, almost a naturalhuman trait.You earth-closet run from the truthYou outhouse hide from the truthYou can deny the truthBut, you cannot destroy the truth fewtimes knowing the truth may hurt scour more, until now still, in the longer run, a lie causes more dam be on than truth.Chapter TwoREVIEW THE LITERATURESelf-esteem is one of the good-lookinggest culprits in our lying ways. We find that as soon as batch feel that their self-esteem is threaten, they immediately begin to lie at higher levels. Many lies argon simply for the purpose of maintaining social contacts by avoiding insults or discords. Small lies that avoid conflict are probably the most common sort of lie and avoiding conflict is a top motivator for deception. The farther ones true(a) self is from their ideal self, the more worryly they are to lie to boost themselves up, in others eye or their eyes or perhaps how they recognize others to perceive them. That is hard train of theme to follow, merely lying is a complex phenomenon.Robert Feldman (psychologist)A persons first instinct is to serve his or her protest self-interest. People are more likely to lie when they can justify such lies to themselves. When under time pressure, having to make decision that could yield financial rephrase would make people more likely to lie and when people are not under time pressure, they are unlikely to lie there is no opportunity to rationalize their behavior. Shaul Shalvi (psychological scientists, university of Amsterdam) & Ori Eldar and Yoella Bereby-Meyer (university of the Negev Investigated)TITLE what factors influence dishonest behaviorTo lie is to state something that one knows to be false or that one has notreasonably ascertained to be true with the intention that it be taken for the truth by oneself or someone else, then a lie is a lie big or small barely since lie usually has consequences, people always want to differentiate betwixt some of them. What the people (or co urt system) are actually toilsome to do is to weigh the effects of a lie by a liar on its victims the conceptions and outcomes of lying can be many still when a person finally make a choice to speak, write or present something knowingly to be false, that single piece there is a lie unless the liar is insane or incap adequate to(p)-bodied to understand what she or he is doing. Stephanie Ericcson TITLE The way we lieTrustworthiness is a highly esteemed commodity, when one has it, one is considered valuable. When one has lost it, one may be considered worthless. A lie is a false statement to a person or group made by another person who knows it is not the whole truth, intentionally. manufacturing is when a person doesnt tell the truth. There are many reasons a person may tell a lie. Usually people lie to cross themselves out of trouble. Some people actually watch a disorder that makes them lie without realizing they are doing so. it is one of the most common wrong acts that we c arry out.Its an avoidable go unsound of human nature so its worth spending time opinion about it. Most of people would say that lying is always wrong, except when theres a good reason for itwhich basals that its not always wrong. Lying is giving some information while believing it to be untrue, intending to deceive by doing so.People commit reasons for not telling the truth. Whether its to not hurt someones feelings, or to not let a parent find something out, or to even make lifes harsh verity more bearable. There are dozens of reasons that someone out there thinks is a reason to not tell the truth. Even as I write this, I still wonder. argon the people that justify their reasons for not telling the truth actually hurting themselves?The oddest thing happens if you are unendingly not telling the truth. Somewhere in there, you start to forget what truth is. If someone is constantly lying to e trulyone around them, how in the world can they go on telling the truth to themselves. Usually people dont even know that they are doing it. later on awhile, thealter reality takes everywhere and you wont be able to tell the difference between a lie and the truth. So, in essence, you could say that one of the realities of not telling the truth is that you mislay yourself, literally, but you may not even notice it.You would think that this phenomena would be something that would take a lot of big choiceslarge decisions to arrive at a point where you didnt recognize the truth. Actually, its the opposite. It takes just one tiny step at a time to lose yourself somewhere in non-truths. unknown( What Kinds of Reasons Are There for Not Telling the Truth?Is it Okay Not to Tell the Truth? )Chapter ThreeRESEARCH PROBLEMTo determine the causes of telling a lie, the consequences it takes, the types of lies they told, and the different kinds of liars that there is.Chapter fourDesign the Studya) Research designIn order for an individual to detect that a person is telling a lie, the person needs to understand the psychology of lying to know the reason behind the act.In fact, having knowledge on the psychology of lying can help you beseem more observant to the different signs of lying, as well as the mentality that comes with it. This is useful in order to avoid being put in a sense of doubt or under emotional stress when you are confronted with it.Everybody lies, it may only be white lies but everyone tell lies or omits the truths sometimes we start lying at around age of four (4) or five () when youngsterren gain an awareness of the use and power of language. This firstlying is not malicious but rather to find out or test what can manipulated in a childs environment.Eventually children begin to use lying to get out of trouble or get something they want. The person who seems to feel compelled to lie about twain small and large stuff has a trouble. We frequently call these folks pathological liars they lied to protect themselves, olfactory sensation g ood financially or socially to avoid punishment. Quite oftentimes the person who has been deceived knows that this type of liars has a certain extent deluded him or herself and is therefore to be someone pitied.A much more troubling group is those who lie a lot and knowingly for personal gain. These people may have a diagnosis called anti social personality disorder, also known as being a sociopath and often get into scrapes with the law.Lying often get worse with the passage of time when you get away with a lie it often impels you to continue your deceptions. Also liars often find themselves perpetrating more untruths to cover themselves. We hold different people to different standards when it comes to telling the truth we expect. For example, less honesty from politician than from scientists, we have a vision of purity about those who are doing research, while we imagine that politicians will at least shade the truth about themselves in order to get elected.There are many reason s why does a person tell a lie, but here are the major causes of why people choose to tell a lie 1Fear, One of the reasons why a person tells a lie is because of the fear of potential consequences involved when telling the truth. This psychology of lying is quite prevalent in younger generations when they are hiding something sensitive from their friends and family members opting to tell a lie rather than being punish for telling the truth.It is a sign of escape of possible punishment that comes with the act of telling the truth. 2Self-Image, improving their own image in the eyes of their friends and families is one of the reasons why people tell a lie. In order to uplift their social on par with others, a person would often lay down stories, usually on the spot, to make sure that the other party is kicked out of the limelight. Thispsychology of lying is just a temporary rise on the social ladder, and will often be replaced with embarrassment when the truth comes out. 3Harming Oth ers, Another purpose is to attack other people, indirectly, by telling a lie about them. In fact, this is often seen tangle by prominent individuals in the society.In order to lower the status or career of this individual, a person will often score a lie that will put others into a state of doubt regarding their own beliefs and truths. To summarize, people may lie due to the fear of the consequences when they tell the truth, to boost their self-image in eliminately, or to deliberately harm others. Using the psychology of lying, youll be able to bring off circumstances when people are not telling the truth.Lies might have been part of human life since language appeared. Although they are something people frown upon, they are not all vicious. According to the purpose to tell lies, they can be divided up into three types the types of lies people tell, Beneficial Lies. Usually means to help. They are told out of kindness and people do good from them. They help avoid hurt, sadness, insult, and impersonality. For example, a crosspatch lied to the Nazi Army that no Jews were hiding in his place parents lie to the children that their beloved grandpa is living happily in the heaven. These do carp the listeners, but the liars ought to be praised instead of being criticized. Spiteful Lies. Mean to gain benefit and hurt people.They may come in the form of deceit or rumors. For example, lawyers lie on the court to help his criminal client to win the lawsuit sellers lie to their customers to talk them into buying the fake and shoddy products. These liars just benefit from the lies and get reputation, profit or toleration. In comparison, rumors are more vicious. Liars make them to revenge or to pull their rivalries down. These happen a lot in politics, business, and frolic world.A politician and his party make rumors that the rivalry involved in sexual scandals or corruptions an enterprise tell the media that their competitors use forbidden additive to their products a famous star expose to public that another star has a bastard raised somewhere. These lies are mean and should be condemned. Neutral Lies. Are meant nought and much more simpler.When asked about private things, people may avoid answering the truth by telling a lie. This does no harm to both sides and is a protection toprivacy. White Lies. Is often called the least serious of all lies. People tell white lies claiming to be tactful or polite. It can create distance between you and others, and destroys your credibility.If there are lies are not mean to harm others, there are also lies that mean to hurt others and these are 1Fabrication. Is telling others something you dont know for sure is true. It is extremely hurtful because they guide on rumors that can damage someone elses reputation. Spreading rumors not only a lie but is also stealing anothers reputation. 2Bold-faced Lie. Telling something that everyone knows its a lie. Simple and sometimes cute for a teeny child to tell a b old-faced lie about not eating any cookies, even though theres chocolate all over his face. As we get older, we try to be more clever with our cover-ups, some people never grow up and deal with their bold-faced lying even though others know what theyre saying is completely false.When people hear a bold-faced lie they are resentful that the liar would be so belittling of their time and intelligence. 3Exaggeration. Is enhancing a truth by adding lies to it. The person who exaggerates usually mixes truths and untruths to make themselves relish impressive to others, an exaggerator can weave truth and lies together causing confusion even to the liar. After a while, the exaggerator begins to study his or her exaggeration. 4Deception.Tries to create an impression that causes others to be misled by not telling all the facts or creating a false impression. It is a sober one because the liar intends to harm or disadvantage the victim for their own benefit. 6Plagiarism. Is both lying and st ealing. It consists of copying someone else work and calling it your own. It is a very serious act, some college and graduate students have even been kicked out of school because of it.Lying is bad because it treats those who are lied to as a means to discover the liars purpose, rather than as a valuable end in themselves. Many people think that it is wrong to treat people as means not ends. it makes it difficult for the person being lied to make a free and informed decision about the matter concerned. Lies lead people to base their decisions on false information. it cannot sensibly be made into a universal principle. Many people think that something should only be accepted as an ethical ruleif it can be applied in every case, its a basic moral wrong. Some things are biddamentally badlying is one of them. its something that good people dont do.Good behavior displays the virtues prove in good people. it corrupts the liar. Telling lies may become a habit and if a person regularly i ndulges in one form of wrong-doing they may well become more comfortable with wrong-doing in general. Some religious people argue lying is bad because it misuses the God-given gift of human communications. God gave humanity speech so that they could accurately share theyre thoughtlying does the opposite. To make it short, lying is bad because language is essential to human societies and carries the obligation to use it truthfully.Some people are so expert at deception that it often takes a long time to find out that we have been lied to, the following are the example of different liars that we encounter in our everyday lifeThe Occasional Liar. These people seldom lie. But when they do they are blown away by their actions and feel guilty for what they have done. These types of people are the ones who are quick to seek forgiveness from the person their lied to. The occasional liar is not perfect but is usually respected for his/her well-knit attempt at being a truthful person and hum ble enough to admit their mistakes. Frequent Liars. The frequent liar goes about his/her life lying every which way. This person is not concerned about covering his tracts, or making sure his lie make sense. Everybody knows this person is lying because he is waterlogged with his lies.This person has very few friends, because people get sick of his obviously twisted stories. The Smooth Liars. The smooth liar is just what their description sound likethis person has become very smooth and skilled at telling lies. There are those that say they can pick out a liar every time, but thats not necessarily so when it comes to the smooth liars. This liars is so good with words and body language people tend to regard him even when they know he has a reputation of being a liar. Yet, all the time, the smooth liar knows hes lying.These people are fun to be around, and very entertaining, but after being found out, the smooth liar tends to move on to others to whom he can apply his dark talents. T he despotic Liar. This person lies when they dont have to, even if telling the truth makes more sense than the lies they tell. Thesepeople have an addiction to lying, and they simply cannot stop. They are out of control. They spend hours studying roles to come up with more lies that will allow them to maintain all their previous lies. These people are totally untrustworthy and end up unable to keep friends.A compulsive liars ends up lonely, sad person who tragically lies the most to their own self. The Pathological Liar. A pathological liars is a liars who intrusts the lies he/she is telling, he/she manages to convince him/herself they are true, in comparison to a compulsive liar who will lie for any reason, and knows they are lies but simply cant stop him/herself from dong so.There is no proof way to detect weather we are being misled or not but there are often clues you can see in behavior that should make you suspicious.Avoidance of Eye Contact. Usually someone makes eye cont act at least half the time they are talking to you. If you notice them avoiding eye contact or looking down during a specific part of a conversation, they may well be lying. Change of Voice. A variation in pitch of voice or rate of speech can be a sign of lying so can lots of ummms and ahhhs Body Language. Turning your body away, covering your face or mouth, a lot of fidgeting of hands or legs can indicate deception. Contradicting Yourself. Making statements that just dont hold together should make you suspicious.Lies obviously hurt the person who is lied to (most of the time), but they can also hurt the liar, and society in general. The person who is lied to suffers if they dont find out because (a) They are deprived of some control over their future because they can no longer make an informed choice about the issue concerned, (b) They are not fully informed about their possible courses of action, (c) They may make a decision that they would not otherwise have made, (d)They may suf fer damages as a result of lie, (e) They doubt their own ability to assess truth and make decisions, (f) They feel badly tougheneddeceived and manipulated, and regarded as a person who doesnt deserve the truth, (g) They become untrusting and indeterminate and this too damages their ability to make free and informed choices and last and more worst, (h) They may seek revenge.The liar is also hurt because (a) He has to commemorate the lies hes told, (b) He must(prenominal) act in conformity with the lies, (c) He may have to tell more lies to avoid being found out, (d) He has to be wary of those hes lied to, (e) His long-term credibility is at risk, (f) He will probably suffer harm if hes found out, if hes found out, people are more likely to lie to him, hes less likely to believed in future, (g) His own view of integrity is damaged, (h) He may find it easier to lie again or to do other wrong. Those who tell good lies dont generally suffer these consequencesalthough they may do so o n some occasions.Society can also be hurt because (a) The general level of truthfulness fallsother people may be encouraged to lie, (b) Lying may become a generally accepted practice in some quarters, (c) It becomes harder for people to trust each other or the institution of society, (d) Social cohesion is weakened, (e)Eventually no one is able to believe anyone else and society collapses.In some culture, lying is part of everyday life for most people (like in japan) and people are used to it and dont expect to be told the truth (esp. about opinions and feelings) all the time. In other cultures (e.g. France), even a white lie is objectionable, as the truth is more important than flattering or avoiding horrible people.Some lies lead to someones death, the best example of this was the movie about I know what you did last summer it is the story of four friends who are being attacked by a killer, one year after covering up a car accidents in which they were involved.Most of the people choose to believe in lies because believing in lies make less thinking and sheep hate to think. They like others to think for them and lie is sweet and truth is bitter. Sometimes the truth draw and some people cant handle it so they choose to believe the lies that been told to them.Lying takes many forms, whether it is mere exaggeration or blatant untruths.It is the severity of the lies, the relative frequency of the lies and the reasoning behind the lies that points to a psychological problem.The capacity to lie is noted early and nearly universally in human development. Social psychology and developmental psychology are concerned with the theory of mind, which people employ to simulate anothers reaction to their story and determine if a lie will be believable. The most commonly cited milestone, what is known as Machiavellian intelligence, is at the age of about four and a half years, when children begin to be able to lie convincingly. Before this, they seem simply unable to com prehend why others dont see the same view of events that they do and seem to birth that there is only one point of view, which is their own.Those with Parkinsons disease display difficulties in deceiving others, difficulties that link to prefrontal hypometabolism. This suggests a link between the capacity for treason and integrity of prefrontal functioning. Pseudologia fantastica is a term applied by psychiatrists to the behaviour of habitual or compulsive lying. Mythomania is the condition where there is an excessive or kinky propensity for lying and exaggerating.Young children learn from experience that stating an untruth can avoid punishment for misdeeds, before they develop the theory of mind necessary to understand why it works. In this stage of development, children will sometimes tell outrageous and unbelievable lies, because they lack the conceptual framework to judge whether a statement is believable, or even to understand the concept of believability When children fir st learn how lying works, they lack the moral understanding of when to refrain from doing it. It takes years of watching people tell lies, and the results of these lies, to develop a proper understanding.Propensity to lie varies greatly between children, some doing so habitually and others being habitually honest. Habits in this regard are likely to change in early adulthood. Lying takes longer than telling the truth. Or, It does not require many words to speak the truth. Researchers find that college students lie to their mothers in one out of two conversations. Were not talking little white lies, here. We are talking about actually misleading someone, deliberately conveyancing a false impression.If your niece is very young and she lies, it may be a sign that she needs more attention from her parents or caregivers. Kids may resort tolying when a new sibling is born or when parents seem distracted by their own problems. It could also be a signal that something is going on in school that needs remedying. Its wise for a parent to ask a child whats going on. It could be as simple a conversation as Tell me about some things that happen in your day that you like, followed by, Now tell me about things that happen to you that you dont like. Thats generally a good way for adults to get helpful information without making the child feel ashamed about her lying.If your niece is older and concocts mythologic stories, perhaps her work and other aspects of her life need to be more challenging. It may be that she feels overly constrained by rules and regulations or a situation that deprives her of stimulation and experience. Most people who lie are not entirely comfortable doing so. The conversations in which they lied were not as pleasant or advert as truthful encounters. But the mental distress felt from being untruthful doesnt last longb) Operationalized the VariablesLying & Deceptionno, no, what I mean isthe art of mendacityLying. Tell a lie? Nah, youd never do thatwou ld you? Recent research on lying is showing that up to 60% of people lie, males doing so more than females by two to three times. People lie an average of 25 times a day, mostly to dodge trouble, make themselves look good, or to avoid discomfort to others. By about age 2.5-3 about 70% of children are capable of lying, and some can do it well. At age four, they will peek when told not to do so. Young children will lie about actions, but not about how they feel. By age 10 they are more sophisticated because they can pretend.As they get older, cheating becomes more common. In a self-test experiment in which they were asked to take a test but not look at the answers on the back of the page, 40% routinely cheated (60% if there was a reward for performance). 100% of those who cheated lied about doing so. In experiments at the University of mammy, students were encouraged to introduced themselves to others. Over 60% lied about themselves (3 times every 10 minutes), made up fictitious infor mation to make themselves look ameliorate, yet there was nobenefit to the lie.Regarding detection of lying FBI agents and judges actually no better than others at detecting a lie. Robert Feldman at the University of Massachusetts reports that most people arent aware of how often they mask the truth. His research shows that people shade the truth 1-6 times per hour in interactions. Gender differences show that women more often lie to protect others, while men lie to promote themselves (The truth about lying, 2001).c) Set up observationd) Write questionnaireWhat is lying?Why lying is wrong?What are the difference between a compulsive liar and pathological liar? What is hypometabolism, Pseudologia fantastica, and Mythomania? Why does people usually lie?Is plagiarism can be considered a minor lies?Why do most of the time people believed in a lie, Even they know that it is a lie? What should a parent do to encourage his/her children to tell the truth instead of lying? Is lying can be co nsidered as a hatred or an offence?What are the effects or consequences of telling a lie? And how to tell truth despite the consequences?Chapter FiveThe truth about lying(understanding the psychology of lying)Some people are so expert at deception that it often takes a long time to find out that we have been lied to.If you lie all the time even about unimportant things you are likely to have a problem that will eventually cause you real relationship, financial orlegal troubles.Figuring out what is driving you to lie in the first place will help you heal this unsafe behavior. This may mean going into treatment with a therapist to discover why you feel the need to deceive.Most of the people choose to believed in a lie because some lies are hard to take and just like what they say what you dont know wont hurt you, some cannot handle the truth so they choose to believe what others say even though they know it themselves that it is not true.We hate liar or dislike liar because its a ma tter of trust, when person lies they have broken a bondunspoken agreement to treat other as we would like to be treated serious deception often makes it impossible for us to trust another person again.Because the issue of truth is on the line, coming clean about the lies as soon as possible is the best way to mend fences. If the truth only comes out once it is forced, repair of trust is far less likely. For example, as a parent, the most important message you can send your children about lying is that you always want them to come clean with you no matter how big a whopper they have told, remind them that you would always rather hear the truth, no matter how bad it is than be deceive.There are many kinds of lies. Lying in court after taking an oath is called perjury and is usually treated as a crime or offence. At the other extremity, there are white lies, which give good feelings to another person (e.g. telling your friend that you like their new jacket, when in fact you hate it)Log ically, white lies can be good because they avoid creating unnecessary trouble and make people happy. But on the other hand, when people find out about a lie (even a white lie), they may be even more hurt than if they were told the truth at first in a tactful way.Lies that create a serious trouble and can even lead to some peoples death or serious injuries, damages or lead to paranoia or depression. Imagine someone who is in love and the loved person tell him/her that they also love her/him, but after some time, when the first person is already deeply pullted emotionally, they find out that their loved one really doesnt care at all about them and he/she commit suicide. Or what a person selling his/her car and telling the buyer that everything is fine, when in fact he knows that the breaks are dysfunctional, and the buyer dies in an accident because of that?What about someone lying to their partner about their faithfulness and transmitting them a fatal STD by abusing their trust the se lies are simple and pretty common examples of lies that can have tragic consequences.That is why lying can be considered as crime, even a white lie (like the first and last example in the above paragraph). What differentiate of crime from an offense, is that a crime harms people or create physical or psychological damages. An offense (like speeding, drunk, driving, etc.) means not respecting a law or rule, without causing any harm or damage to anybody else (if a person drives under the influence of alcohol and commits an accident, it becomes a crime)The problem with lies (esp. white lies) is that the harm is not direct and does not always happen afterwards (e.g. if the person doesnt find out and nothing bad happens). But as it depends somewhat on the motivation of chance of the person who is lied to, to find out the truth, lying is always a potential crime (people can always find out if they try or just by chance). That is why any lies can considered as a crime, even if the harm has not yet been done, because it can still happen in the future. Of course, lying about how much you like your friends new clothes is a benign crime.Lying is very much like stealing in that it can be graded, from benign to extremely serious, stealing a blank sheet of paper from your company is not even punishable but stealing a Leonardo da Vinci in a Museum is quite another matter. Lying is the same, a small lie with little consequence is apardonable crime, but its still a crime, like stealing.Lying causes anxiety, depression and physical illness. You constantly worry your lies will be revealed. Keeping your stories straight requires a lot of work. After you lie to someone, you may not like being around that person. Lies ruin friendship, work relationship and marriages. If someone catches you lying, he or she wont easily believes you again. Your status in that persons eyes drops to zero.You lie because you are frightened of what might happen, if you tell the truth. You horror-str uck you cant handle the consequences, but then the lies become a problem and you suffer worse consequences. So instead of worrying about the consequences as your first priority. Tell the truth as your first priority and then deal with the consequences.There are some benefits that a person can get from telling a truth, (a) Because you tell the truth, you dont have to remember what you said to whom. You wont accidentally contradict yourself, (b) You earn the reputation as an honest person, if you are a manager, your staff members tell each other, our boss might be more honest about your work than you sometimes want to hear, but its better to know the truth , (c) People follow your example and are more truthful to you, (d) Your stress level drops.You sleep better, eat better and look better, (e) You can look at yourself in the mirror. Lying causes self-criticism and depression. Honesty causes self-confidence and pride, (f) Youre more persuasive, To be persuasive, you need to be believa ble. To be believable, you must be truthful, (g) Most of all, you are trustworthy. When people can trust you, you earn their support. You need peoples support to reach your goals.In general, lying is not considered a good habit. But it is always depends on the situation and purpose of lying. If it is meant for achieving some superior objectives with some universal interest like universal relaxation or universal happiness, one can lie, But it is not suggested for anyone to tell a lie.A lie has three essential featuresA lie communicates some information. The liar intends to deceive or mislead. The liar believes that what they are saying is not true. A lie doesnt have to give false information.A lie doesnt have to be told with a bad(malicious) intentions.Lying is bad because a generally truthful word is a good thing. Lying diminishes trust between human beings if people generally didnt tell the truth, life would become very difficult, as nobody could be trusted and nothing you heard o r read could be trustedyou would have to find everything out for yourself. An untrusting world is also bad for liarslying isnt much use if everyone is doing it.Types of LiarsA Natural Liars is someone who does have a conscience but is confident of their ability to deceive, and has been doing so since childhood. Often they learned to lie to their parents to avoid terrible punishments that would be handed out if they told the truth. Many natural liars capitalize on this ability as adults by becoming trial lawyers, salespeople, negotiators, actors, politicians and spies.An Unnatural Liar is a person who, as a child was convinced by his parents it was impossible for him to lie and that the parent and others would always detect it, These poor saps go through life telling everyone, insisting I can never tell a lie and causing anger and trouble among everyone they meet.Chapter SixAnalyze the DataLying is a skill that requires intelligence, intuition, emotional intelligence, quick-wittednes s, and knowledge of what makes a lie generally believable or generally not believable. You cant tell a lie if you start out looking untrustworthy. When youre deceiving people you care about in away that would harm them, lying can be fatal. Lying has its share of problems, especially in the compulsive or pathological sense, but people also couldnt exist entirely without it.Bad thing about lying is that it can affect your psychological well being if you lie most of the time. It can create a conflict between your super-ego (conscience) and ego (the reality principle). It creates tension, which makes you feel unpleasant. And in the end, you might have disorders or behavior problem due to constant lying, and lying will not solve any problemLying is often a useful skill to have in the short-term. The problem is when youre revealed to have a reputation for lying, and thus everyone will be less willing to help you with anything. Most of the time, people will believe anything, as long as its a logical, at least in their minds. But if you lie to absolutely everyone, someones going to call you on it, and everyone else youve ever spoken to is going to know about it. It can be disastrous for your reputation, including occupationally.Over a long-term, it is not so useful, and can get you in trouble in all areas of life. It should be used only when appropriate as in, when you can get away with it without needing to think too hard about the lie itself. In situations where you have to defend your lie, it becomes more difficult, as well as risky.Lies doesnt only hurt the one whos been lied to but also the society and the liar itself.Lie have a different reasons, its either to hide something or are afraid to the consequences it would create. There are lies that comes even if it didnt intended to. But there are also others who would lie to hurt others, these kinds of lying is not good to exercise and may consider as a crime. Avoidance of the eye contact can be considered as one o f the proof that a person is lying.People who have psychological problems that result in perpetual lying can seek treatment with a competent behavior professional. Treatment may includecounseling, behavior modification or contracts between the patient and therapist that include negative consequences for lying and imperious reinforcements when the patient consistently tells the truth. If you have trouble with a compulsion to lie despite efforts to stop, consider seeking out professional assistance from a specializer who has experience in helping people who cannot seem to stop lying. Lying is well researched in the field of psychology, and for this reason there is hope for people who have a problem with compulsively telling a lies for whatever reasonsChapter SevenConclusionThere are different reason why we lie, its either we didnt have a choice because of the situation or because we cant face the consequences if we tell the truth. For example, if a person was saw the crime scene and he/shes the only witness and the investigation found out that he/she was on the crime scene and they would interrogate him/her that person would choose to lie to be able to save her life and he/she was afraid that if he/she would tell the truth the criminals would chase him/her and eventually kill her/him.Sometimes we lie not because we are afraid at the consequences we would face if we tell the truth, sometime we didnt lie for others, most of the time we lie to ourselves, we choose to tell a lie to others so they would not pity to us, sometimes we tell to them that we are happy even if we dont really, sometimes we tell to them that we are ok and we will be ok even though we knew to ourselves that were not.We choose to lie to them because we love them, we dont want them to worry for us anymore, telling a lie doesnt always means we want to harm others, its not simple to tell a lie because youre not only making that person believe you but you want to believe yourself that it is ok, s ometimes lying is our only way to scape those scenario that we cant handle, it is our self-defense for us not to be hurt from those person who hurt us badly.Even there are different reason why we lie it is still consider as a sin andshould not be exercise, we should always tell the truth and face the consequences it would take.

Letter to Local Planning Authorities from an Entrepreneurial Farmer

1.1 Introduction to myself and source for proposal.My name is MR Michael Christou and I live and work at Moatlow Farm (GR 156 538). Farming in my atomic number 18a is becoming increasingly difficult. This is due to poor soil and the harsh climate. Also I am receiving more less income because of increase in greet of keeping my live stock and the decrease in their value at market.1.2 Please consider the above details when reviewing my proposals. (The following)2.0 General explanation of my proposals (Of which there argon three)2.1 Development of turn out buildings into holiday accommodation.Firstly I propose to sacrifice the appropriate alterations to some of my unused outbuildings. If I do so I leading be fitting to accommodate tourists consequently earning a little especial(a) income to remunerate for the keeping of my animals and giving tourists a quality experience of the peak district range, which leave bring more money into the ara and community.2.2 Restriction of certain foot paths during lambing season.My second proposal is that the public footpaths which cut through my land are closed for the period of term when the lambs are at a stage where if they are disturbed they are easily scared because this leads to them growing to be unhealthy. Although I agree that the general public has the right to be able to experience this scenic and peaceful environment, but if they carry on passing through my field as regularly and in the great numbers that they do then, especially during lambing season, my income and the character I play within the community will be impaired.2.3 The replacing of dry stone walls with easier maintainable fencing.Being a hard working farmer I strive at seatting 100% into my work sagacious the more time I put in the more I get out, but an everlasting problem of tourists damaging and myself having to repair or pay for damaged dry stone walls is becoming somewhat of a hindrance. Also the more time I put into repairing the dry stone walls the less time I have for real work this is why I suggest that the majority of the walls are replaced by cheaper, easier to maintain fencing.3.0 Evidence and ideas to support my plan.3.1 Evidence and ideas concerning out building development.There are an extremely large number of visitors every year to Dovedale and the peak district area this is where the local community gains its income to be able to support itself. It is inevitable that if an extra place for a family to stay is yieldd people will take that opportunity. If accommodation is provided for 2 or 3 families then it would be an extra 2 or 3 families in the local area which means non only I receive much needed extra income but the whole community will benefit. The simple reason being that those two or three families will be spending their in the shops, remunerative to use the facilities and paying to visit the attractions in the area.3.2 Evidence and ideas concerning the closure of certain foot paths at certain times.Changing the routes during busy season is in estimate of what the P.R officer is proposing and also it would be a great benefit to my self.3.3 Evidence and ideas concerning the replacement of dry stone walls with easy maintenance fencing.People in resister to this proposal would argue that the removal of the dry stone walls would be the removal of a natural beauty but the walls are not natural, man put them there. But that is not my point/argument just fact. I agree that the removal of all of the dry stone walling would be the removal of something which I call up symbolizes English countryside, culture and heritage. But I am not asking that all the walls are removed/destroyed just the ones that surround my land and nigh farms.This would be barely noticeable to the general public but would make a significant difference to myself and my work. If the walls are left there I will have to continue repairing them after visitors have damaged them which is either time consu ming, expensive or both. If it is not possible at any point for me to make a repair to the wall then holes form meaning my animals can escape easily consequently getting lost or injuring themselves costing me all the same more money.Also the unslaked lime stone can be used again for things such as repairing other walls, strengthening/repairing foot paths instead of scaring the setting by digging for it. In short it is been re-cycled, beneficial to the local community.4.0 Justification of my proposals in comparison to those of the parish council and the public relations officer.4.1 Why the parish councils proposal will not benefit the community.(1) The car parks are to be made by the laying of tarmac. If this is to be done then extreme disturbance of the local area will occur, e.g. the heavy plant machinery will make such noise and will take up space there fore the area will have to be closed to visitors during construction other wise extreme disorder would occur. This closure to tourists, even for a short time would kill nearly of the communities peoples income.(11) The cost of visiting the area for most people is far from cheep then on top of that when visitors arrive the parish council wants to charge them for parking their car. The tourists already provide a large percentage of our income to charge them for things such as parking would almost be exploiting them After all they do have as much right to experience this environment as we do.4.2 Justification of my proposals contWhy the public relations officers proposals will not benefit the community(1) The proposal of putting tuition boards around the area to help give visitors awareness of what they are doing to our area will benefit the area in no way what so ever. My reason for believing this is that I believe that the people who take out the time and show interest in these information boards saying Dont drop litter and the country code etc are the people who would have thought to respect our environm ent in the 1st place. Consequently the boards are a waste of money. (Money which is donated by the local community)(11) Making preference footpaths out of hard wearing footpaths i.e. tarmac would have the same negative effect on the community as explained in section 4.1 (1).Whereas if you (the committee) were to accept my proposals the lime stone from the walls would be crushed and used to make hard wearing, natural looking footpaths.4.3 The afore mentioned proposals of the P.R officer and the parish council would both have a negative effect on the community and would just cause a great hassle.My proposals have been carefully planned to have a positive effect on the community, whilst making the role I play within the community more focused.5.0 In conclusionPlease consider all of the facts and think about how our community is going to benefit the most. I am confident that once you have done this you will decide that my proposals are going to have the most positive effect on the futu re development and future in general of our community, and there fore should be put into place.

Attrition Rate in the Call Center Industry

Attrition has been an evident problem for every organization due to either jack of appreciation or lack of ripe job sculpting. But what is abrasion? Simply put, it is the reduction in the number of employees through retirement, resignation, etc. Attrition affects two things 1) the morale of other employees and 2) the monetary smirch of the organization. The group chose this topic because we argon greatly interested in such field. The group is curious as to wherefore the rate of turnover in the phone call nucleus agency is high and what is the effect of this to the call totality organizations.Why do these employees leave their jobs as call center agents? Is it because of the unjust compensation that these call centers be providing or is it because call center agents in general are not happy with what they do? We can draw many conclusions but at the complete of the day, conducting a research would give us peace of mind. B. Significance of the Study The significance of the stu dy is to be adequate to give emphasis as to why the rate of turnover in the call center constancy is high. The group provide only focus on the causes and the effects of attrition in the verbalise industry.The study would serve as a guide and would be of great help to call center organizations in maintaining employees in their company. Furthermore, the study would be able to show the importance of the call center industry in the city of Manila. C. Problem and Objectives Problem What are the causes Of attrition and how does it affect the call center industry? Objectives To explain what attrition is and its difference from turnover To give emphasis on why call center agents resign To determine the factors of attrition To show how attrition affects the call center industry To present the facts obtained through out the whole research D.Assumption and Hypotheses Call center agents resign from their currents posts because they are not pappy with what they do. There will always be that feeling of being unsatisfied and it will always bother them. Some would think to themselves, Why am I doing this when can do so much better. Most fresh graduates or undergraduates who are in need of fast cash apply at call centers to have something to do for the mean time but after a while, they move on, leaving the organization to find quick replacements at which before that can do so, the financial position Of the company will be affected.E. Scope and Limitations This study focuses on the cause and impact of attrition in the call center industry with take to the turnover rate of employees, why call center agents leave call centers, and how the loss of employees affect these call centers. The study will only gather respondents that are call center agents that are employed within the jurisdiction of the city of Manila. F. Definition of Terms Attrition a reduction in the number of employees or participants that occurs when people leave because they resign, retire, etc. And are not replaced Burnout -? physical or mental collapse caused by overwork or stress Call center an office set up to handle a large volume of telephone calls, especially or taking orders and providing customer service Call center agent -? basic employee of a call center Compensation something awarded to someone Customer service -? provision of service to customers before, during and after a purchase a series of activities designed to enhance the level of customer satisfaction that is, the feeling that a product or service has met the customer expectation Economy -? consists of the production, scattering or trade, and consumption of limited goods and services by different agents in a given geographical location

First Great Awakening

Revival history is an interesting topic and adept that can be explored at spacious depths. Revivals of the past, if looked at through the right lens, can awaken hope and desire for deity to move again, even in the darkest times. Revivals show us that God is understood very such(prenominal) active and interested in His people. The Father desires that we would know Him as a real Person and who loves to make Himself known through His son Jesus. I wrote my paper on the First Great Awakening in the first place because I am from New England and I gull a passion to watch over the perform set ablaze again in that area.The heritage is so rich in that land and I believe that the Lord would love to chance His people again with a peachy spiritual awakening. Below, I will go over the Great Awakening in detail discussing the dates, location, key leaders, scene of impact, main features, main message, controversial aspects, principles learned, and our application for to twenty-four hour period. The First Great Awakening was a apparitional revitalization movement that took place in the northeast, mainly in the New England area.The Great Awakening spread throughout the colonies on the eastern seaboard. The dates of when the First Great Awakening began vary due to the opinion of the chosen historian. some say that the dates begin somewhere in the early 1700s 1740s. The earliest stirrings of revival were recorded in the 1730s in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. The a exactlyting noticeable move of God was in Northampton, Mass around 1734 36. The final thrust of awakening took place in the 1740s with the arrival of the powerful orator and unsettled speaker, George Whitefield.A contributor to the National Hu earthly concernities Center validates these claims by informing, The earliest manifestations of the American phase of this phenomenonthe beginnings of the First Great Awakeningappeared among Presbyterians in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. guide by the Tennent family Reverend William Tennent, a Scots-Irish immigrant, and his four sons, all clergymenthe Presbyterians not only initiated religious revivals in those colonies during the 1730s but in addition established a seminary to train clergymen whose fervid, devout discourse would bring sinners to experience evangelical conversion.Originally known as the Log College, it is better known today as Princeton University. 1 When looking historically at the Great Awakening, some(prenominal) may not recognize that the hand of the Lord was already starting to awaken hunger for revitalization of religion before the man Jonathan Edwards came on the scene. While serving as the in the buff local congregational minister of a Northampton church, Jonathan Edwards noticed the spiritual dullness and condition of the town. He wrote this acknowledgment Just after my grandfathers death, it seemed to be a time of extraordinary dullness in religion.Licentiousness for some years prevailed among the youth of the t own they were many of them very much addicted to night-walking, and frequenting the tavern and lewd practices, wherein some, by their example, exceedingly corrupted others. 2 Afterward, Jonathan was moved to the point of calling the young people to gather into small groups to roast for prayer and a time of discussion. The next recognized stirrings began in celestial latitude 1734 of Northampton, Massachusetts. Two well known young people died in the town and the people began to become concerned with death, life after death, eternity and other spiritual matters.In this stirring context, Edwards began preaching a teaching series on Justification by faith alone. It was at this point that six young people were converted. One of whom was a young girl who was said to be known by many young men in the town, meaning she was very immoral. The town of Northampton was shaken to its very core and three hundred more(prenominal) than conversions took place following the sign 6. With the ent ire town boasting 1,100 people, this equates to 25% of the population getting saved. About a year later in 1736, the town went back to normal mainly due to the suicide of Jonathan Edwards uncle.The next wave of revival to hit New England was in 1740 upon the revival of George Whitefield. He was another key figure and leader during this great spiritual awakening and stirring. George at one point spoke to 30,000 people in England. The night before he died he saw that 2,000 people had gathered out his home so he went to his balcony and preached on the excellencies of Christ. The key leaders of the Great Awakening as mentioned previously were Gilbert Tennent, Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield. Gilbert Tennent was born in 1703 in Ireland and was the son of William Tennent.Gilbert had immigrated to the United States in 1718 and lived in Pennsylvania. After wrestling over his salvation during his teen years he was converted at 20 years old in 1723. It was only three years later that h e was ordained as a Presbyterian minister. Tennet was a stirring speaker and from his sermons he led many into a conversion experience. In 1739 Gilbert met George Whitefield and went on tour with him throughout New England. They both shared a great passion for revival. While on tour Gilbert introduced George to many different ministers which aided in making the tour a great success.When George returned to England, Tennet continued on with preaching throughout New England and from these speaking engagements little revivals sparked. The revivals in New England were scattered but aided in creating what we now call The Great Awakening. Jonathan Edwards, a native to the New England area was born in East Windsor, Connecticut on October 5, 1703. Jonathan grew up as the only son out of 11 children. From a young age he lived a life of prayer and study in the word. He also studied many topics and was one of the most magnificent minds to be produced on American soil.Edwards didnt have his actu al conversion experience until January 12, 1723. Jonathan studied the bible 13 14 hours a day and wrote over 120 pieces of literature which many can still be found. Edwards was bold in his proclamation of the truth and didnt not startle away from it even when it was uncomfortable for the people. Edwards desire for doctrinal purity is admirable and the dedication and devotion given to it is worth reduplicating. George Whitefield was born on December 16, 1714 in Gloucester England. George was the youngest of seven children.He was not raised in a Christian home but rather one that was dysfunctional. His father passes away when he was at the mere age of two. His mother did eventually remarry but it was indicated that the marriage was not peaceful. In 1733 Whitefield met the in far-famed Wesley brothers while studying at Pembroke College in Oxford. seat and Charles Wesley at that time were leading what is known as the Holy Clubs and before Whitefield even had his conversion experience he was apart of the holy clubs for 3 years. The enrolment was one that was very rigors and it moldiness have been the hand of the Lord to keep him enough content to stay.It took a very serious illness to confront him on his internal state while in England. Whitefields accomplishments are quite amazing he pioneered open air, square and field meetings. The church walls were filled to beyond capacity and thousands had to be turned away from hearing him. The scope of impact of the great awakening was a watershed event in the life of the American people. Before it was over it had spread throughout the colonies of the eastern seaboard. The revival had great impact on the church and saw 1000s of sinners saved.The revival did more than effect the spiritual climate it also had an impact on the social and governmental levels. A contributor from a website dedicated to the Great Awakening gives more details on the scope of impact The effect of Great Awakening unity was an attitude that went a gainst the deferential thinking that consumed English politics and religion. Rather than accept that Gods will was necessarily interpreted by the monarch or his bishops, the colonists viewed themselves as more capable of performing the task. The chain of authority no longer ran from God to ruler to people, but from God to people to ruler.The children of revivalism later echoed this radicalism and popular self-righteousness in the American Revolution, when self-assertion turned against the tyrannical ways of George III. It was not to any church that the signers of the Declaration of Independence appealed to, but directly to the Supreme Judge of the World. It was through the revivalism of the first half of the Eighteenth Century that the colonists were finally able to grade out from under the protectorate of the established Christian churches and assert religious control over their own nations destiny. In other words the Colonists realized that religious freedom and power rested in their own hands and not in the church of England anymore. Some of the main features of the Great Awakening were men and women bout away from religious apathy and turning back to their puritan roots. Others who were not saved were universe confronted with their need for a savior and the reality of eternity. Upon and from the arrival of George Whitefield in 1740 to Northampton Massachusetts where Edwards resided the awakening spread wherever George went as he was an itinerant speaker who spoke mainly in open fields.One of the most famous messages was preached on July 8, 1741 in Enfield, Connecticut titled Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God. The revival was titled the Great Awakening with good reason as it was a movement of religious revitalization within and outside of the church. The people of the towns had an understanding of faith as they or their fathers had come from England to have freedom of expression in their worship. But they had turned apathetic especially with the entr ance of the Half Way Covenant.Essentially people who were baptized and lived half way decent lives but made no public confession of Christ were allowed to bring their children in to be baptized which led to people who did not profess to being Christians partaking of the Lords Supper. This over time created a church that was disconnected from their state of desperation and need for a savior to save them from their sin. The main message was about vindication by faith. Men and women were cut to the heart as Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield spoke to them the word God.They could not be saved by works alone but it must be an inner working of the heart and faith in Jesus Christ alone. The preachers were calling them up higher from just a Sunday morning time church goer mentality. One of the main controversial aspects of the Great Awakening was the phenomena that took place during some of the services. Much opposition was stirred among conservative congregational ministers so Edwar ds wrote in defense The Distinguishing Marks of a Work of the Spirit of God dealing with much of the bodily affects.He noted that these bodily affects were not necessarily a work of the spirit which forced him to write another apology in 1742 called Thoughts on Revival in New England noting the great moral improvement. Another one of the controversies which is still around to this day is the called the Old Lights and New Lights. The New Lights were those congregants who had a new light or perspective on sin and atonement. They were also those who also felt that the revival was from the Lord and that they would be able to continue in that kind of environment.The old lights were ones that did not like or enjoy change but wanted to keep things the way that they were. They were skeptical of the revival and depending upon which branch of the denomination they were from they took a stance with their view point. The old lights were also apprehensive because they were afraid that the new li ghts would act in rebellion and that they may possibly be a threat to authority.1http//nationalhumanitiescenter. org/tserve/eighteen/ekeyinfo/grawaken. htm 2Edwards, Jonathan. A Narrative of Surprising Conversions. Wilmington, DE Sovereign Grace Publ. , 1972. Print.

Kant vs. Singer

November 29, 2012 Singer VS. Kant Duty evoke be defined in numerous ways but what is difficult to know is what our honorable obligations are? Immanuel Kant and Peter Singer have attempted to find a more simple, rational, and supreme rule for what our duty is. Singer makes the distinction between humanity and duty. He attempts to show that we, in affluent countries such as the United States, have a moral obligation to give far more than we really do in international aid for famine relief, disaster relief and frequently more.According to the reading, Singer believes we need to drastically change our way of life in order to help others. He is making the argument that if it is in our power to prevent something bad from happening, without thereby sacrificing anything morally signifi corporationt, we ought, morally, to do it (231). And he defines bad as suffering and death from lack of food, shelter, and medical care (231). The example he offers is a situation in which a lower-rank ing female child is drowning in a shallow pond. One can easily rescue her, but doing so would wreck ones advanced fifty-dollar shoes.Singer believes that morally, one needs to go in and save the girl. Anybody who would walk by and refuse to save her would be considered a horrible person. Then, he continues and introduces a different moral situation. A little girl is starving in a poor country. One can easily spend fifty dollars to save her life, but then one cannot use that currency to purchase a new pair of shoes. Again, one is faced with a choice do you save the little girl or buy new shoes? He believes that there is no moral difference between these two cases.In conclusion, he is saying that as a moral obligation, you should save the little girl in Africa instead of buying the new pair of shoes. People in affluent countries can prevent people dying from starvation by giving more property to famine relief without sacrificing anything morally significant. Therefore, they should . He believes that no matter how close or how far someone is, if you know you can prevent bad without generate, it is your moral obligation to do so. Sometimes, the excuse people use for not donating to charity is that they dont have much money right now but when they do, they will.Plus, they acknowledge the fact that there are other people who do have extra money at the time, so it is their responsibility. On the other hand, they also know that a lot of these people have the money but choose not to help. And the fact that they dont help does not justify a person with less means not to help. In the Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Kant is looking to find an understanding of morality that can be drawn from first principles rather than from empirical experience, which is knowledge that we gain from experiences.Morality needs to be established in pure reason and not gained motley human experiences, but applicable to any and all rational beings. He is attempting to come up wit h a rational supreme principle of morality. He begins by addressing the idea of duty. Kant says that the but quality that is actually straightforward is heartfelt will. Any other quality can be accompanied by bad will. And honorable will is not good because of what it achieves, it is good for the reason to do it. He argues that reason must be meant to help us develop a good will.The purpose of having a good will is not to do good things, it is good in itself. And a persons will is only good if they are motivated by duty, not any selfish wants. The idea of a good will is supposed to be the idea of one who only makes decisions that she holds to be morally worthy, taking moral considerations to guide their behavior. Kant believes that the fundamental principle of our moral duties is a categorical imperative. A categorical imperative is a overshadow that expresses a general, unavoidable requirement of the moral law.Its three forms have universalizability, reward, and autonomy. Tog ether they establish an action that would be considered good only if we can will everyone to do it, it enables us to treat other people as ends and not as the means to our own selfish ends, and it allows us to see other persons as correlative law-makers in an ideal realm of ends. Kant believes that the difference between being motivated by a comprehend of duty in the ordinary sense and being motivated in his sense was that he thinks that motivation by duty is motivation by our respect for whatever law it is that makes our action a duty.Our respect for the laws that guide is qualified in the sense that we pick which is more or less important and which has more value. In contrasting and comparing Kants and Singers argument, I have come to the conclusion that Kants argument is more realistic than Singers. Singer is expecting everyone to accept the fact that part others, whether they are close or far, is ones duty and one must act upon it. He is being too optimistic to think that hu man being will give away what is not necessary and help the people who are starving instead. His argument is weak because it achievable. Singer is asking us to sacrifice too uch and this makes it unattainable. Kant on the other hand is acknowledging that the human species is rational and is always progressing towards the good. He believes that it is ones duty to raise ourselves from the unpolished state of our record and move forward towards humanity. He also knows that our actions will be based on pure reason. And he knows that the motivation for duty consists on the bare respect for lawfulness. These laws he speaks about are established by the city or the state and theyre a guide for our moral compass. His expectation of us is much more attainable and real.

Purpose of Schools Essay

School is an institutional mechanism that tries to share knowledge and/or be an agent for social action. facial expression back to the antique history of give lessonss, some schools of ancient Israel for ideal feel that the main purpose of education was to produce faithful members of a nation a son who would bring pride to his family and his people and glory to God. In ancient Greece, the school was to produce a productive citizen, wise and mature and Rome followed the example of Greece. However, there are some schools which are just for education, where basic knowledge is shared based on the age through a planned curriculum. in that respect are schools which apart from providing knowledge through planned curricula do bring in social change through actions. I believe that a school has got to play the role of both i. e. sharing knowledge and also be an agency for social action. An example that can be cited following both is the ancient Hindu school called gurukul , where apart fr om knowledge through planned curricula, there are learning sessions on various social norms and values that are normally practiced in the society.The purpose of a school is thus to orient students to socialize by understanding the background, culture and values of that area which would get along make up to their individual growth and understanding for nurturing good citizens. Apart from this, there is a need for the schools to see to it that students are able to gain proper knowledge which should further help them to able to attain further education and employment.Thus, we can say that the main purpose of schools is to provide education which would enhance the knowledge, skills and attributes of students and make them responsible citizens of the country. scour though schools as educational institutions have their own limitations of access to knowledge, funds to provide the services to students etc. based on the need and following the intent that the educational institution wants to achieve, teachers have to redesign their teaching strategies/pedagogy.

Case Analysis of “The Best Laid Incentive Plans” Essay

Background SummaryThe Best Laid bonus Plan is a case analysis render establishmental behavior and performance appraisal management. Rainbarrel Products is a loosely ran consumer durables manufacturer. Within the last ten course of instructions, Rainbarrel Products has shown difficulties rebounding from a sluggish economy. The CEO, Keith Randall, once described as aspiring and innovative, has allowed the alliance to fall victim to a downward economy due to the recent lax in leadership. In addition, Rainbarrel is non adjusting to the flow in consumer spending in comparison to their competitors however, this is the least of the companys problems. In efforts to save Rainbarrel from continuous distress, Randall hires Hiram Ph severelyips as the old geezer Financial Officer (CFO) and Chief Administrative Officer (CAO). Hiram generates changes in the company which yields great numerical results. Hirams strategy includes cost cutting the reckon, reduction in staff as manifest by cost reduction in labor, restructured sales incentives, changes in customer benefit procedures, and changes in the ecstasy process.Phillips is very proud of his success and is eager for the corporate Executive Council (CEC) to hear his progress. Sally Hamilton and Frank Ormondy, consultants with Felding & Company be solicited by Phillips to perform baseline metrics to be tracked andmonitored in a years timeframe. The consultants findings argon revealed and everything seems to lean in Hirams favor however, after the meeting, the tide turns. Randall approaches Phillips regarding unsolicited in coifion from other members of the council pertaining to the metrics Hiram has in place. Phillip makes overwhelming changes to the current organizations systems, procedures, and processes resulting in negative feedback from Rainbarrels employees and customers. Even though the consultants reports give Phillips glowing results, Hiram is unaware of the damage he is causing at Rainbarrel.Problem St atementThe main problem identified in the case is the flaws in the performance management systems. Rainbarrel unavoidably to make a dramatic change to its performance management system. The system is one-sided and not aligned with the companys performance culture and strategic objectives. According to Kastalli, Neely, and train Looy, (2013), increasingly, manufacturing firms are turning to services as a new way of creating and capturing value. Despite its potential benefits, many new result-service providers struggle to deploy service activities effectively, not least because they fail to reflect the presence of service activities in their performance management systems (p. 100). The CEO has lost sight of other key components of the company which is impacting Rainbarrel from creation a successful enterprise. This fact alone questions whether or not the current leadership should be at the helm of Rainbarrel Products.AssumptionsKerr states (2003) the metrics program of Hiram focus es on the mediator steps and assumes that such enhancements volition make a positive impact on the bottom line (p.31). The assumptions that highlight the main issues include the chase Hiram Phillips knew how to pass away within Rainbarrels calculate. The employees are motivated by monetary means.Rainbarrels cargo ships process and customer service department are the only factors which stymies productiveness. telecommunicate is the preferred vehicle of communion at Rainbarrel. Performance management is not required to align with the performance appraisal and incentive plans at Rainbarrel Hiram assumes the fat and capable company will belean and mean within a year.Positive results are masked by dissatisfied customers, un golden employees, and decreased productivity unbeknownst to Hiram.AnalysisThis case analysis highlights the immensity of assessing, reviewing, put oning, and evaluating processes in regards to performance metre and management systems. Wouters suggest (2009 ), the importance of performance measurement systems (PMS) has been widely acknowledged. This importance pertains to all functional areas. At the same time, PMS may serve different maps in an organization performance measurement systems help to formulate, communicate and implement strategy through with(predicate)out the organization they are used to control and influence behavior in the organization and guide the strategic planning process (p. 68).The aanalysis will start with a glimpse into the issues at Rainbarrel Products. These problems are preventing Rainbarrel from picking up the pieces of its financial and organizational crisis and moving towards a more stable and profitable primer coat strategi imposey. In addition, the attitude of leadership and inability of the top senior level managers to meet organizational and individual goals resonates throughout the case register. The issues in this case arePoor system of supervision and control on the ecstasy and customer servic e operationsNo structured compute processLack of need and enthusiasm among employeesInadequate communication amid leadership, human picks, and employees Inadequate performance appraisals and incentive plansAmong the changes are incentives to answer customers calls quickly because the employees would now be monitored, as swell as the shipment of products on time. If this does not occur, employees will be held accountable and suffer the consequences. The goal of management is conflicting with the goals of the Rainbarrel employees. Hiram Phillips drafts a rule which indicates the products should not be labeled as shipped until it was out of Rainbarrels doors. This is in total contrast to shipping the products from the main warehouse to a location across the street. Rainbarrel likes to emphasize customer service in its values and mission statement, only when no reliable metric had been used to track what constituted on time and what constituted shipped (Kerr, 2003, p. 30). non on ly are thitherproblems internally at Rainbarrel but on the outside as well. Longtime and loyal customer, Brenton Brothers, expresses their unhappiness of not receiving shipments on-time or at their request. In some cases Ive been told to take a late time or otherwise forgo the purchase.That becomes the promise date but not the date I asked for, stated by the buyer Annie, (Kerr, 2003, p. 33). Recorded evidence shows several shipment requests placed by Brenton Brothers indicate the promised shipments had left the Rainbarrel property however, upon further investigation the shipments were found sitting on a railroad siding across from Rainbarrel (Kerr, 2003, p. 33). In addition, when Brenton Brothers sends e-mails to Rainbarrels customer service department they are experiencing late responses to questions and inquires from the call center employees. This problem is one affecting many areas of shipment and customer service. Jaaron & Backhouse (2011), state Call centres embraced by a man ufacturing organization play a major(ip) role in this endeavour as they are the main channel of contact between organizations and their customers (p. 614).Burgers, Ruyter, Keen, & Streukens (2000) along with Meyer, Allen, and Topolnytsky (1998) indicate, in assign for organizations to achieve competitive gain through their employees. It is most important to equip them with high levels of affective commitment due to its organic links with extra role behaviour in the organization (p. 48). There is no current protocol in place to monitor the call center for quality assurance purposes. With little or no motive, there is no way to prove the duties are even performed on a daily basis.At this point, the employees are holding on to the only incentive they have, and thats the salary wages paid to them now. With Fireem at the elm, nothing is guaranteed whether it means happy customers or not. Liu and Chang (2009) report, interviewees were asked about how front-line employees are measured and rewarded. They have commented that the measurement of front-line employees in the call centre is done on the basis of how good they are in matching the companys principles of serving the customer through employees appraisals in the call centre.The number of value-adding calls is counted against the non-value-adding calls to form the basis for measuring and evaluating employees work in general. The front-line employees in the call centre are rewarded by getting feedback and actualization on their work (p. 619). Frezatti (2009) explains thebudget contains the priorities and direction of the organization for a period and provides an opportunity to evaluate the entitys performance, its internal areas and its managers. It is considered one of the pillars of management and a fundamental tool for accountability that exists in the organization (p. 135). Hirams extreme budget cuts to make Rainbarrel lean and mean, is his only method of streamlining processes as it relates to performanc e management. Rainbarrels inadequate budget is the common denominator resulting in Hirams plan of budget cuts, imposing across the board workforce reduction up to 10%, implementing the mole of shame monitoring tool for underachieving customer care representatives and an unreliable metric regarding on time shipping.Budgets serve as a financial tool for companies, as well as a performance evaluator. Without a solid budgeting process, companies are taking a hopeful attempt to plan for expenses and sales. Hiram Phillips knows the budget is fat and happy now however, he has not indicated any budgetary goals for the future of Rainbarrel, only short term solutions. Hirams metrics look good on paper, but the bottom line is his current budget metrics is displeasing to Rainbarrels employees and customers. According to Stern, (2013) in theory, budgets tell you where you stand financially, and where you might be heading. In the budget process, the goals can be both individual and team, and beh avioral problems may arise if the goal is too high (unattainable), if it is too easy (too vague) or if it generates conflicts between the company and the employees goals (goal conflict) (p. 20) .The non existing budget structure at Rainbarrel influences production for example, the Innovation X project is on hold due to the fact it is not in the budget for the fiscal year, Thus, Rainbarrel is missing out on potential revenue.According to Gostick and Elton (2009), A few misguided managers believe that 100 percent of motivation should be internally driven and that recognition is used only to motivate . Organizational behavior is emphasized on the employees behavior and how they perceive themselves in the organization. The impact of employee morale and insufficiency of enthusiasm is vital for the growth of the organization. The current culture at Rainbarrel consists of lack of enthusiasm and motivation partly due to no incentive rewards programs, lack of communication between employees and leadership, and largely to layoffs. Daniel H. Pinks Drive the Surprising Truth aboutWhat Motivates Us illustrates what motivates people, especially in a working environment. Pink theorizes motivation arises from reward and punishment of employees. Pink (2009) believes human beings arent much different from horses that the way to get us moving in the right direction is by dangling a crunchier carrot or wielding a sharper stick(p. 10). The metrics, Hiram has in place, which include, reduction in labor cost, the wall of shame, and the change in sales commissions to employees is causing dedicated and loyal employees to become unengaged capital.The paucity of communication at Rainbarrel impacts the company as a whole. The lack of communication between Randall and Phillips causes a trickle down effect between Phillips and the workforce. Phillips does not respond wisely in communicating the changes at Rainbarrel. The case analysis, The Best Laid Incentive Plans, illustrates several e xamples of poor communication. Hiram does not communicate the performance metrics he plans to implement. For instance, the email policy indicates the time limit on email responses. Employees are penalized if they do not open and respond to email notification from the company. Email should not be the main method of communicating pertinent development to employees of organizations. In order to have effective performance management, there should be communication between leadership and its workforce therefore, goals and expectations are communicated and understood of both parties.More recently, a 2008 study performed by the Pew Internet & American Life Project revealed that 72% of all full-time employees have an email account that they use for work, and 37% of those workers occlusive them constantly (Madden & Jones, 2008). The CFO is hired to improve Rainbarrels organizational and individual performance metrics which are causing the company to fall against main competitors and patien ce standards. The current change initiatives show a win-win for Hiram and Rainbarrel but failed efforts for the employees. According to Barber and Strack, (2009) todays performance measures and management practices dont reflect the ill-tempered economics of people-driven businesses (p. 81). Howard does not realize problems occur in his current performance metrics.The reduction in labor cost results in unmotivated staff streamlining of service calls by two minutes produces frustrated workers and unhappy customers, restructuring the commission sales impacts the productivity of the sales people, and Hirams inept ability tooperate the service and shipping department creates a weak performance management system. Smith and Mazin (2013) report , the entire organization benefits from a system that aligns performance to company-wide goals, provides a structured format for measuring results and giving feedback, and establishes a record for each employee that can be used for individual develo pment, to inform future supervisors, and to make sound employment decisions (p. 49).RecommendationsDuring Hirams interview, his main goal is to do what is right in regards to Rainbarrel Products thus, the performance metrics instituted by Phillips results in cost saving efforts but morally bankrupts the company. Examining the metrics listed in the case analysis, there are recommendations Rainbarrel should implement in order to align Hirams strategies and the overall wellbeing of the employees and the company. The first, Hiram should reexamine the current metrics. Without budgetary guidelines, Hiram makes cost reductions base on a sluggish economy. Hiram is not comparing prior fiscal year data to current year data. Hiram is simply basing his metrics on slumping product sales and numbers. Implementing budget structure as a tool will eliminate assumptions Hiram has of the overall performance of Rainbarrel. Packer and Teeters (2012) indicate that the budget had grown beyond a financial tool. It is above all managerial tool in essence, it is the best tool for making sure that key resources, especially financial resource are assigned to priorities and to results.It is a tool that enables the manager to know when to review and revise plans, either because results are different from expectation or due to environmental conditions, economic conditions, market conditions or technologies change, which no longer correspond to the assumptions of the budget (p. 467). I would also, recommend Hiram conduct monthly budget audits for the first 5 long time of implantation. Ijiri (2008) The main purpose of budget audits is to make sure that budgeting processes are carried out as specified by budgeting principles and procedures (p.665). The monthly audits will allow Rainbarrel to adjust the budget on an as needed basis. labor), which are the most significant expenses and the primary variable cost that audit firms incur. According to Ettredge, Bedard, and Johnston (2009) Our study finds that asymmetric ratcheting occurs during the budgeting process (p. 15). size upfirm management successively removes budget surpluses to a greater extent than they provide incremental budgeted hours following budget shortfalls, thus maintaining budgetary control on a continuing basis. Engagement teams also respond asymmetrically, decreasing reported hours following budget surpluses to a lesser extent than they increase reported hours following budget shortfalls (p. 15). Referencing Bertazzi (2008), One of the most common problems is the one in which both transportation and inventory costs are taken into account. The aim is to determine shipping policies that allow the minimization of the sum of these two costs (p. 750). It is revealed the shipping of products promised is not occurring according to the on-time ghost policy Hiram has mandated. I propose Rainbarrel implement a shipping policy. The policy should include the shipping date, which includes the shipping turn around tim e. Also, the policy should indicate refunds of shipping and handling fees if the delivery is not made as promised. In the Brenton Brothers case, the good and services purchased from Rainbarrel are not delivered as promised.The service management is very loose in regards to the customer service representatives at Rainbarrel. There are complaints of long hold times, no return phone calls from employees and the customers are being rushed off the phone. A study conducted done by (Schalk and wagon train Rijckevorsel, 2007 illustrates customer service representatives (CSRs) in a call center in India are given more autonomy in the production market (p. 77). According to Schalk and Van Rijckevorsel (2007) Autonomy refers therefore to the ability of the worker to take over production by integrating personal work skills that could overcome the failures of the production system. The CSRs work requires a certain degree of autonomy. In fact, they highlight that the work organization in call ce nters is articulated around the standardization of the production process and the customer taste (p.3). Layoffs due to the economic crisis, the wall of shame, unfair sales commissions, and limited incentives are causing low employee moral and motivation.In order to regain the complaisance and trust of employees, Rainbarrels leadership ineluctably to decide on how to motivate its people. I suggest Rainbarrel motivate through leadership. Tebeian, (2012) notes, The leadership style has s a direct, positive and statistically significant effect on the subordinates motivation (p.1094). The leadership is definitely an influence of Rainbarrels culture andstrategic market sustainability. In their hold published in the Havard Business Review, 2008, Nitin Nohria, Boris Groysberg and Linda Lee-eling researched an employee motivation model and incorporated Maslows hierarchy of needs. The model includes four drives leadership style, motivating the team, performance, and job satisfaction. The results of the study shows needs identified by Nitin Nohria, Boris Groysberg and Linda Lee-eling are interconnected at the brain level, and the level of fulfillment of each of them directly influences emotions, therefore behaviour as well (p. 1094). In order for employees to support the organizations, communication is imperative. (Dolphin, 2005), Internal communication is communication between the organizations leaders and one of its key publics the employees (p. 185).I recommend Rainbarrel roll face to face meetings, such as monthly department meetings or team huddles with front line managers, employees, and stakeholders. In the case analysis, email is the preferred thoroughfare of communication however, important information is being misconstrued. Chong (2007), studying Singapore Airlines, found that focusing on face-to-face dialogue between management and staff helped the air hose deliver its brand promise to its customers through its employees (p.203). Another recommendation to improve communication at Rainbarrel is initiate written communication via the companys intranet site. The carrying out of a company intranet site will convey important information regarding the companys strategy, policy changes, and forecasted issues. A secure intranet site is ideal to channel convey information to the company employees. Borden adds (2010), the companys intranet must be organic and ever-changing, ready to embrace and deploy new communication technologies that facilitate information sharing across the company (p.44).According to Barber and Strack (2005), when people are your most important resource, some standard performance measures and management practices become ill suited to their tasks (p. 81). The current performance metrics and incentives at Rainbarrel have impacted negatively on employees. The performance management and measurement system should meet the needs of employees and Rainbarrel. I propose the CEO implement performance appraisals and fair incent ive awards. Bacal (2004) points out Performance appraisals enable employers and employees to define, communicate, and review expectations, goals, and progress in achieving strategic objectives. Thepurpose is to improve the way employees contribute to an organizations goals and job performance. Appraisals are also intended to sustain, improve, and help an employee (p. 21). Dunlap (2010) Distinguish and reward your top performers in a manner that is fairnot equal, but perceived as fair and justified (p. 10).